Vahid Rashidvash; Nahid Rezapoor
Abstract
Fuel has been one the necessary and inseparable needs of human from the beginning of collective living and habitation. After fire discovery and relying on fire for providing breads human beings discovered and used various fuels over time and after experiencing and using their sciences and also creating ...
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Fuel has been one the necessary and inseparable needs of human from the beginning of collective living and habitation. After fire discovery and relying on fire for providing breads human beings discovered and used various fuels over time and after experiencing and using their sciences and also creating different tools to apply fire. The residents of Dohezar and Sehezar rural districts, Khoramabad city, Tonekabon, Mazandaran were not exceptional too. The rural districts did not have accommodation because of their geographical and mountain locations; so they provided the necessary fuel by their experiences and natural facilities in living environment. In this study, we investigated and analyzed the used traditional and modern fuels and their effect on life style, social and economical relations through Malinowski functionalism theories and anthropological methods and principles including field research, intensive method , library studies and attending the mentioned districts for interviewing .The results indicated that providing and saving traditional fuels had institutionalized some customs and behaviors among the residents of Dohezar and Sehezar rural districts. Cooperation and companionship to provide the fuels were done based on unwritten rules.
Yaghoub Iranmanesh; Mehdi Pourhashemi; Hasan Jahanbazi Goujani; Abouzar Heidari Safari Kouchi
Abstract
For this purpose, a total of 50 interviews were conducted and the information received was documented by writing commentary points and recording audio and video .Then, data analysis was performed using content analysis methods. According to the results of the research, the traditional charcoal extraction ...
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For this purpose, a total of 50 interviews were conducted and the information received was documented by writing commentary points and recording audio and video .Then, data analysis was performed using content analysis methods. According to the results of the research, the traditional charcoal extraction steps include digging a trapezoidal charcoal kiln, cutting wood into trees and arranging them in the kiln, installing a chimney at the inlet and outlet, covering the wood surface with Dried leaves, covering the leaf insulation with soil, lighting the charcoal furnace by fire and closing its opening, turning the wood into charcoal in a certain time, cooling the charcoal furnace and unloading and loading. Due to the lack of a well-codified and up-to-date source of traditional charcoal method in the available sources, the present study is a pioneer in terms of paying attention to this indigenous knowledge and its results, in addition to recording local knowledge of charcoal production, used it in teaching the method of application of wood waste from dried, blown or pruned trees, especially emphasized in garden ecosystems.
