Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Ph.D. Candidate of Archaeology, Faculty of Art and Architecture, University of Bu-Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Archaeology in Bu-Ali Sina University
Abstract
Dinavar is located in the east of Kermānshāh province. The natural features of this area and the human changes have created its cultural landscape. Today's Landscape shows agricultural machinery. Nevertheless, there are still signs of traditional. The abundance of indigenous species of bees has led to an increase in human knowledge of this insect and to find ways to exploit it more. The beekeeping culture in Dinavar region is the result of this knowledge. How this culture is the most important question of this research. According to preliminary evidences, it is hypothesized that Dinavar beekeeping culture is carried out in the form of elementary and complementary economic activities. The main purpose of this research is to introduce this culture and its conservation strategies. This research, which is of qualitative-descriptive type and is conducted field by interview, observation and audio-visual method, is related to beekeeping climate calendar, structures and related objects and related concepts. Studies have shown that the beliefs, values and practices are in the process of being forgotten by human interventions and the beekeepers' culture in the area will soon disappear with the use of modern methods or similar to the rest of the world. Therefore, it is suggested that, due to the environmental power of Dinavar area, the production of organic honey will be promoted by combining traditional and modern techniques among the mountainous regions, and the introduction of the beekeeping culture of this area will be introduced as an ecotourism draw.
Keywords
- Abebe Wodajo, Workneh. (2011). “Identification and documentation of indigenous knowledge of beekeeping practices in selected districts of Ethiopia.” Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Vol. 3(5), 82-87.
- Athayde, Simone, Stepp, John Richard and Wemerson C. Ballester. (2016). “Engaging indigenous and academic knowledge on bees in the Amazon: implications for environmental management and transdisciplinary research.” Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 12:26, DOI 10.1186/s13002-016-0093-z.
- Crane, Eva. (1999). The World History of Beekeeping and Honey Hunting. London: Duckworth.
- _______. (1995). “Beekeeping in the Islamic World.” Ahlan va Sahlan:34-38.
- Foster, George M. (1942). “Indigenous Apiculture among the Popoluca of Veracruz.” American Anthropologist, 44(3), 538-542.
- Germanidou, Sophia, and Alexandra Konstantinidou. (2013). “An Unusual Ceramic Beehive Lid Decoration from Nineteenth-Century Tabriz.” Iran 51(1): 249-252.
- Harissis, Haralampos V. (2017). “Beekeeping in prehistoric Greece.” In F.Hatjina, G Mavrofridis and R. Jones (Eds.), Beekeeping In The Mediterranean From Antiquity To The Present (pp. 18-39). Bath: Eva Crane Trust.
- Head, Ronan James (2008). “A Brief Study of Ancient Near Eastern Beekeeping.” Review of Books on the Book of Mormon 1989-2011: 20: No.1, Article 6.
- Illgner, Peter M., Nel, Etienne and M.P. Robertson. (1998). “Society Beekeeping and Local Self-Reliance in Rural Southern Africa.” Geographical Review, 88, No. 3, 349-362.
- James, Rosalind and Theresa L. Pits- Singer. (2008). Bee Pollination in Agricultural Ecosystems. London: Oxford University
- Komeili, A.B. (1990). “Beekeeping in Iran.” Bee World, 71:1, 12-24.
- Matthews, Roger, Mohammadifar, Yaghoub, Matthews, Wendy and Abbas Motarjem. (2010). “Investigating the Early Neolithic of western Iran: The Central Zagros Archaeological Project (CZAP).” Antiquity 84 (323), 1-3.
- Mazar, Amihai. (2017). “The Iron Age Apiary at Tel Rehov.” In F.Hatjina, G Mavrofridis and R. Jones (Eds.), Beekeeping In The Mediterranean From Antiquity To The Present (pp. 40-49). Bath: Eva Crane Trust.
- Nel, Etienne, Illgner, Peter M., Wilkins, K. and M.P. Robertson. (2000). “Rural Self-Reliance in Bondolfi, Zimbabwe: The Role of Beekeeping.” The Geographical Journal, 166, No. 1, 26-34.
- Posey, Darrell A. (1983). “Folk Apiculture of Kayapo Indians of Brazil.” Biotropica, Vol.45, No.2, 154-158.
- Pudasaini, Rameshwor (2018). “Indigenous Knowledge and Practices of Beekeeping with Apis cerena in Nepal.” Journal of Apiculture, 33(2), 71-76.
- Rich, Claudius James (1836). Narrative of a Residence in Koordistan: and on the Site of Ancient Nineveh. Vol I, London: Duncan.
- Verma, Savitri, and P.K. Attri. (2008). “Indigenous Beekeeping for Sustainable Development in Himchal Himalaya.” Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, Vol. 7(2), 221-225.
منابع اینترنتی تصاویر
- amar.org.ir
- britishmuseum.org
- evacranetrust.org
- https://earth.google.com
- https://behsotoon.ir
- https://fa.wikipedia.org
- clay.scwclubs.com
- kermanshahmet.ir
)