Indigenous Knowledge
Milad Parniyani; Jamshid Ghashang
Abstract
The Qanats of Khorasan were the driving force of two important cultural indicators: knowledge and lifestyle. The knowledge of Qanat included sciences that were based on engineering and geology and were inherited from one generation to the next. On the other hand, around the Qanat, a culture was formed ...
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The Qanats of Khorasan were the driving force of two important cultural indicators: knowledge and lifestyle. The knowledge of Qanat included sciences that were based on engineering and geology and were inherited from one generation to the next. On the other hand, around the Qanat, a culture was formed that promoted adaptation to drought, contentment in water consumption, and the benefit of collective work, and it had become the lifestyle of Khorasan people. This culture was alive and dynamic until the beginning of the modern era, but with the entry into the modern era and the decline of the Qanatic civilization, the Qanats of Khorasan were destroyed and its surrounding culture was also destroyed. The present article is limited to the geography of Khorasan in order to deal with more details of the historical developments of the Qanat in one of Iran's Qanat-rich provinces and to obtain a better understanding of the overall issue of the Qanat. The main question is what is the history of Qanat in Khorasan and what kind of culture was it? According to the nature of the subject, descriptive and analytical methods will be used in the evaluation of historical and geographical data.
Abdolazim Poya
Abstract
In lands where bread is the main food of their people, mills play a determinative role in organizing their lives, and for this reason, in the course of time, they are constantly updated and adapted to the requirements of the environment. Karizi mills in Yazd, especially in Meybod, ...
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In lands where bread is the main food of their people, mills play a determinative role in organizing their lives, and for this reason, in the course of time, they are constantly updated and adapted to the requirements of the environment. Karizi mills in Yazd, especially in Meybod, have evolved by the same mechanism. A clear example is Meybod Dousangi Mill which was created by using advanced karez technology in the desert environment. This mill, which is typically very specific, is located 40 meters underground and along the Qutbabad aqueduct. Dosangi mill which had been submerged by wind, soil, and floods in the desert for fifty years after the inefficient karez dried up, in 1999, by the help of elderly information, was recognized and registered as a national work.
Morteza Salemi Ghamsari; Sina forouzesh; Mohammad reza Hojjati
Abstract
Natural factors play a decisive and determinative role in the historical, cultural and social phenomena of any society. In the water-scarce land of Iran throughout history, the aqueduct has been the most important way of exploiting water resources, which has been preserved, maintained and used ...
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Natural factors play a decisive and determinative role in the historical, cultural and social phenomena of any society. In the water-scarce land of Iran throughout history, the aqueduct has been the most important way of exploiting water resources, which has been preserved, maintained and used and exploited collectively. Shared water resources and their consequences and long-term investment in the construction and maintenance of aqueducts required long-term plans, which could not be combined with individualism and competitive culture, and contrary to some Iranian writers and intellectuals, not compatible. The construction of the aqueduct is the result of a long-term, peaceful and supportive participatory culture, and its existence has strengthened and reproduced this culture. This article deals with the tax on the use of water or the alimony of the aqueduct, which was the clever foresight of our ancestors towards the financial self-sufficiency of the aqueduct. In traditional irrigation systems, alimony is the sum of money spent during water circulation circuits throughout the irrigated year, which includes the wages of the irrigation group and the ancillary expenses of the water source. In the continuation of the work, the alimony of several aqueducts from different parts of Iran is also mentioned.
