aman mohammad komaki; Abolfazl sharifiyan; Hossein barani
Abstract
The indigenous knowledge arises from reality of human life and experiences on the earth, which indeed stems from ancestors. They may have got this knowledge from their living directly and gather it experimentally. So they are specific for one ecosystem. The desert truffles are from a group of ...
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The indigenous knowledge arises from reality of human life and experiences on the earth, which indeed stems from ancestors. They may have got this knowledge from their living directly and gather it experimentally. So they are specific for one ecosystem. The desert truffles are from a group of edible mushrooms grow under the soil like tuber. Local people may find them in natural habitats in Iran and other different regions of Mediterranean climate. From old days these fungi are interesting and edible mushrooms for humankind. In recent years the tendency to these truffles has increased especially by many amateur groups and led them to grow those in orchards as a new activity. While there is an indigenous knowledge about them among local people, a little study is present about identification of different species of desert truffle in Iran. That is to say there are not significant scientific activities about these groups of fungi. Indigenous knowledge can be considered as a base of science. Actually the indigenous knowledge is full of many ideas and interesting case study and research should be done in this area. But the indigenous knowledge with its intrinsic talents progress through observing with the naked eye, without any instruments. The indigenous knowledge of desert truffles exactly separates the species of truffles and their special host plants. According to indigenous knowledge people could determine the location and time of growth of desert truffles. The indigenous knowledge understands the relation of evolution between desert truffle and their plant hosts. Today with research about the different aspects of fungi and symbiosis; especially with molecular methods, the scientists can understand the host specificity and evolution of truffles.
jompor mahmood
Abstract
Experiences have manifested that local techniques and indigenous knowledge are the best way for achievement of sustainable livelihood development. The indigenous knowledge is adapted to environmental, social and economic local conditions. It is a part of social and cultural capital of local communities ...
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Experiences have manifested that local techniques and indigenous knowledge are the best way for achievement of sustainable livelihood development. The indigenous knowledge is adapted to environmental, social and economic local conditions. It is a part of social and cultural capital of local communities and can be able to empower these communities. The systems of indigenous knowledge should be seen as a part of national resources. Indigenous knowledge is a key element of essential capital of local people who try to control their own lives. Traditional knowledge is more than a simple compilation of facts drawn from local and often remote environments. It is a complex and sophisticated system of knowledge drawing on centuries of wisdom and experience. It also constantly grows and changes with new information. For using this complicated system, one must include the indigenous peoples themselves as practitioners. Although traditional knowledge systems of indigenous peoples, are highly variable in their content and style, nonetheless all have a great deal to offer in sustaining life on the planet. Most of traditional knowledge systems assume that people are part of the land, rather than they own the land, so they consider themselves as true guardians. The wisdom derived from this philosophy can be used to take advantage when planning for sustainable development. Thus, there is a great benefit to use the two knowledge systems together. This paper debates the importance and role of indigenous knowledge in sustainable development, especially in remote region and rural community in Iran. It introduces some of traditional ways that local people used for irrigation and agriculture in the arid and semi arid zones so qanat or kariz. This ways is smart adaptation to hard environmental conditions and can be applied in development process.
