hoshang hamidi
Abstract
This is a totally researching article which points to usage of New Medicine in rural area following the model of traditional rural small holder cooperation. The research was done in two rural areas: 1. Faridan rural area in Isfahan province which consist of five kinds ...
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This is a totally researching article which points to usage of New Medicine in rural area following the model of traditional rural small holder cooperation. The research was done in two rural areas: 1. Faridan rural area in Isfahan province which consist of five kinds of population: Lor, Tork, Fars, Georgian, Christian Arab 2. Selsele Rural area in Lorestan province whose inhabitance are Lak. Findings show the success of using traditional rural models in construction and management of rural hospital
Indigenous Knowledge
shima DOOLABI; mohammadnabi salim
Abstract
The parameter of this research is to investigate a structure that has a defensive position and a geostrategic position in Iran, which with its special components such as: defense power, deterrent geography, environmental control and transit connection, has played an important role in the passive defense ...
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The parameter of this research is to investigate a structure that has a defensive position and a geostrategic position in Iran, which with its special components such as: defense power, deterrent geography, environmental control and transit connection, has played an important role in the passive defense of societies .The ancient Tazareh fortress of Damghan is one of the buildings and preventive defense networks of Iran that remain unknown. This castle, in connection with historical and geographical changes, has prevented the vulnerability of human society and strengthened local security.The purpose of this research, using field observations and analytical studies, is to measure the situation and interpret the basics of the defense of Tazareh Castle and the importance of its passive defense. The findings of this research indicate that the multifaceted and distinguished feature of this fort, on the aspect of passive defense elements such as: geographical location, covering and concealing of installations, obstacles, and the benefit of protective walls are important. In a way that defensive layering and defensive measures have put the location of the castle in a superior position
Ahmad Bazgir; Pourhashemi Mehdi
Abstract
Human from the past to the present in many ways to survive and improve their quality of life are dependent on plants of different ways. Ethnobotany .The aim of this study is to comprehensively study the Ethnobotany of wild plants in Bestam region in Lorestan province from the Zagros forest. The human ...
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Human from the past to the present in many ways to survive and improve their quality of life are dependent on plants of different ways. Ethnobotany .The aim of this study is to comprehensively study the Ethnobotany of wild plants in Bestam region in Lorestan province from the Zagros forest. The human community studied in this study is the residents of Cheshmeh Bid and Cheshmeh Saleh villages of Selseleh County in Lorestan province. The research method used in this ethnobotany study was ethnography method. Data collection tools included direct observation, participant observation, and semi-structured interviews. The results show that 119 plant species belonging to 41 plant families have been identified by the villagers. The results show that 119 plant species belonging to 41 plant families have been identified by informants. The results indicate that the knowledge and application of plants has been very diverse. Knowledge and uses include 58 species (48.7%) for edible use, 42 species (35.3%) for fodder use, 32 species (26.9%) for medicinal use and 16 species (16.8%) for tools and handicrafts have been used. The study demonstrated the knowledge and application of a variety of plants that generally provide the security of livelihood and their health.
Indigenous Knowledge
Mozhgan Khanmoradi; nahid azizi
Abstract
Bisotun plain is located in the west of Iran and many historical monuments from Pre-history to Islamic era have been identified in it. Man's understanding of nature showed itself in the construction of Bisotun Zagehs. The Zagheh was built in the villages of Zolm abad sofla, Bisotun, Kori zageh, Baqerabad ...
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Bisotun plain is located in the west of Iran and many historical monuments from Pre-history to Islamic era have been identified in it. Man's understanding of nature showed itself in the construction of Bisotun Zagehs. The Zagheh was built in the villages of Zolm abad sofla, Bisotun, Kori zageh, Baqerabad and Zaloab. This research aims to answer the above fundamental questions: In which period did the construction of troglodytic architecture begin in Bisotun and how long did their use continue? What were the components and architectural structure of these handholds?. The results of the research show that based on the available evidence in the Bisotun Plain, during the Qajar and Pahlavi periods, the construction of zagheh in the form of handstands was common under village houses and in connection with the village fabric. These underground spaces with an almost similar plan have spaces such as sloping entrances, central space, side spaces, and ventilation, and were used by the villagers of the region to keep livestock in the autumn to early spring seasons. The size and number of spaces depended on the owner's economic status, topographical conditions, the type of soil in the area, and the proximity to empty spaces.
Khadijeh Bouzarjomehri; Mehdi Masoum Jashni; hassanali .jahantigh
Abstract
Ranchers in rural communities work together to raise and manage their livestock activities. In the meantime, The collaboration and cooperation between farmers and particularly rural women play a key role stems. The purpose of this study was to identify local knowledge and local traditions of rural women ...
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Ranchers in rural communities work together to raise and manage their livestock activities. In the meantime, The collaboration and cooperation between farmers and particularly rural women play a key role stems. The purpose of this study was to identify local knowledge and local traditions of rural women in abunasr rural in production and management of livestock products in Bavanat city of Fars province. The research method is based on surveying methods. For data collection, qualitative techniques including direct observation, participatory observation and organized interviewing have been used. The statistical population consisted of 29 rural woman is a farmer living in the village of AbuNasr, which is collected and analyzed in a qualitative way. The results of the research indicate that there is a rich indigenous knowledge and local traditions among women in the region, due to the existence of a traditional milking system (Don) and the mechanism of milk management and dairy products. The Dun system is a traditional social institution for members who participate in the production of livestock products. This traditional system has been effective in establishing a strong social bond between livestocks and, in addition to facilitating the production and management of dairy products, has also contributed to the qualitative and quantitative increase in livestock production.
Reza Sehhat Manesh; Roqaye javadi
Abstract
Cooling production strategy is one of the ancient and indigenous strategies in the cultural region of Halilrood. The cultural region of Halilrood has long summers that sometimes last for eight months. So, it was impossible to live in this area without cooling strategies. Through the current study, structures ...
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Cooling production strategy is one of the ancient and indigenous strategies in the cultural region of Halilrood. The cultural region of Halilrood has long summers that sometimes last for eight months. So, it was impossible to live in this area without cooling strategies. Through the current study, structures such as Kavar, Adoorband, Yakhtekan and Bonbolook were investigated. The Adoorband materials are mostly plants, palm trees, nettle and Adoor. Moreover, Yakhtekan is in common with Adoorband by using of nettle and Adoor, but unlike Adoorband, raw mud and brick are used to build its foundation and the walls. The Bonbolook is built without foundation and wall, it is only for outdoor use and to enjoy Sho-bad. All of these structures have been used in the geography of Halilrood, Makran and Hormozgan. Consequently, the main purpose of the present paper is to answer the following question: What environmental and climate-based structures emerged in cooling production? In this study, research data is gathered by observation, field studies, interviews, and library tools and discussed in a descriptive and analytical manner. The first and the most important finding of this study is that structures such as Kavar, Adoorband, Yakhtekan and Bonbolook have cooling function. And also, they were used to preserve perishable food during the hot season
javid imanian; Reza abouei; Mehrab Madhoushi
Abstract
Ziarat Village is located in the southern part of Gorgan in Golestan province. The objective of this content analysis study was identifying the role of indigenous knowledge in sustain development in the construction of this village. Interviews performed with ten informants and three native skilled carpenters, ...
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Ziarat Village is located in the southern part of Gorgan in Golestan province. The objective of this content analysis study was identifying the role of indigenous knowledge in sustain development in the construction of this village. Interviews performed with ten informants and three native skilled carpenters, 18 times interview was performed. Interviews were handwritten and systematic process of, coding, sub-them, and them was done and analysed by lundman&Graneheim method.In coding process, 622 first level codes were obtained and after integrating the same code, beyond the textual data through that, hidden themes and concepts appeared from the inside of the data content sixteen sub-them were resulted. Finally the five them of wood knowledge technique,House building skills,socio-cultural interactions,economic efficiency and experiences transferring was obtained.Wood knowledge technique them had three sub-them that include:Suitable species and places of wood,wood procurement methods and wood handling.House building Skills them had four sub-them that include Ground floor arrangement, Construction of the first floor,roof run method and tools and appliances. Socio cultural interaction them, had four sub-them;partnership and cooperation,role of culture and social cohesion,autonomy and self-sufficiency,and improving the quality of life,and economic efficiency them had three sub-them such, construction costs reduction,empowerment and employment,the impact of the economy on the body of the house,finally experience’s transferring them had two sub-them;passion for learning and the relationship between teacher and student.As a result for the sustain development of Ziarat,Developmental plans in building houses of this village should be design by utilizing indigenous knowledge and recognizing culture,social,economic features through local community’s participation.
mehdi khani; hassan Hoveidi; Ahmad Reza yavari; Mohammadreza khani
Abstract
Due to mismanagement in the field of use, rehabilitation and allocation of water resources, the return and use of local indigenous technologies and knowledge and also their updating, plus localization of modern technologies make it inevitable. Since one of the important elements of planning and management ...
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Due to mismanagement in the field of use, rehabilitation and allocation of water resources, the return and use of local indigenous technologies and knowledge and also their updating, plus localization of modern technologies make it inevitable. Since one of the important elements of planning and management in the field of water resources is to identify the most appropriate criteria or effective factors in it, so in this research with extensive study of internal and external sources in the field of indigenous knowledge and also using the opinion of specialists and experts of Yazd Province, the variables were first identified through Delphi method and then a questionnaire was prepared. Thereafter, the effective variables were examined and evaluated using appropriate methods such as exploratory factor analysis and principal component analysis. The research findings indicate that the six factors of protection and stability, management, holistic, cost-effectiveness, compatibility, and dynamism have been the primary factors and criteria of indigenous knowledge in the management and planning of water resources in Yazd Province. Variables such as biodiversity conservation, proper management, cost-effectiveness, and wildlife conservation have been also more important compared to other variables.
seyed mohammad chavoshi; jalaledin rafifar
Abstract
Independency, adaptation to ecological environment and rational use of its elements are the most important historical characteristics of traditional forms of life. Savage plants are of these elements that have always had a lot useful functions in local traditional medicines. This ethnographical field ...
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Independency, adaptation to ecological environment and rational use of its elements are the most important historical characteristics of traditional forms of life. Savage plants are of these elements that have always had a lot useful functions in local traditional medicines. This ethnographical field work has been done in the field of medical anthropology and have focused on face to face and non face to face individual interview as well as documents for data gathering. The goal is to Describe and analyse the sangesari traditional dentistry on the basis of authentic participants narratives and then comparing them to objective aspects of modern dentistry. Findings showed that, traditional rationality of sangesari dentistry while facing to oral and dental illnesses and its consideration to the subjective aspects rely mostly upon body natural forbearance, maximom adaptation to natural environment, use of botanical elements of natural environment, least body manipulation and taking the ill person to a wholistic integration with his surrounding cultural and natural environments. Regarding to increasing process of medicalization in modern societies, attention to endogenous knowledges, techniques and approaches may be instructive in decreasing the side effects of modern societies medicalization.
Morteza Salemi Ghamsari; Hossein Sadeghi
Abstract
By the time of the 1300s, the stamp was used instead of today's signature. Everyone had his own personal seal and each stamped paper was legally considered as an official document. One of the most common stamps in the villages was the Mohr e Kharman. It was a common practice to use the stamp of ...
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By the time of the 1300s, the stamp was used instead of today's signature. Everyone had his own personal seal and each stamped paper was legally considered as an official document. One of the most common stamps in the villages was the Mohr e Kharman. It was a common practice to use the stamp of a trench, a harvest, to keep others from reaching wheatgrass in the village. In this way, when harvesting and preparing wheat, the representative of the owner or the owner was present at each fields in the village, and sealed the harvest with a wooden stamp, so that nobody would snap at night. The stamp of a trench is an example of a locksmith whose guarantee of solidity is not an object or part of its own; the kind is not material and no technology has been used to make it. In his guarantee of solidarity, Mohr kharman enjoyed the strength of the land system. Here, an unwritten and unofficial rule, found a custom and tradition narrative and concentrated in the existence of an object. It was so that the seals, were guardians without ears and eyes, and in addition to the backing of the ruling system, they also had the backing of the community's faith. The sacred and blessed roles and words on all kinds of seals and on the harvest seals have had such a function. This article applies ethnographic method and interviews with two local and academic informants and has used books that have, though little, addressed this subject.
morteza farhadi
Abstract
The traditional culture of undeveloped countries has been attacked by modernity during centuries of orientology literature in a more descriptive and indirect form, and around 70 years after the World War II in a direct and theorized form. In this paper, different results have been achieved based on the ...
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The traditional culture of undeveloped countries has been attacked by modernity during centuries of orientology literature in a more descriptive and indirect form, and around 70 years after the World War II in a direct and theorized form. In this paper, different results have been achieved based on the experiences, library research, field researches and observations in Iran during the past 25 years. The conflicts and inconsistency of the modernity school and its assumptions with historical realities both in Europe and undeveloped countries, and second wave of development in countries such as Japan, China, India, etc. showed that development issues are far more complicated and beyond the unreal claims of orientologists and modernity school. The present paper begins with criticism of orientological classification and challenges its inaccuracy, and the conflict between tradition and industry. It is an attempt to show with various conflicting and paradoxical examples that despite considering the tradition and industry as evident, it is the former that has paved the way for the latter whether in the first or second wave of development.
Abstract
There are experiences of the collective life in the high-level civilization in the high plateau of Iran indicating of a pattern as "spirit" and model as the "body".Isfahan, as aclimate of landscapes, cultural and engineering is one good example to understand this pattern. According to the flourishing ...
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There are experiences of the collective life in the high-level civilization in the high plateau of Iran indicating of a pattern as "spirit" and model as the "body".Isfahan, as aclimate of landscapes, cultural and engineering is one good example to understand this pattern. According to the flourishing of the circuit, Zayanderood River, initial question centered on splitting water is alive attributed to Sheikh Baha'i was raised in the petition. Adoption of Historical Geography readout method to identify the social order and the results of engineering studies focusing on hydraulic systems in the studied period (Safavid), to identify system engineering has been done. Adoption of Historical Geography readout method to identify the social order and the results of engineering studies focusing on hydraulic systems in the studied period (Safavid), to identify system engineering has been done. Adoption of Historical Geography readout method to identify the social order and the results of engineering studies focusing on hydraulic systems in the studied period (Safavid), to identify system engineering has been done.
mohammad samiei; mohammad Rahim Forouzeh
Abstract
Accessing the information that the elderly of different communities have , is one of the ways to restore traditions that are in danger of destruction. The purpose of this study is to identify the trees, their organs used by forest edge users and the by-products of this ecosystem. Information was recorded ...
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Accessing the information that the elderly of different communities have , is one of the ways to restore traditions that are in danger of destruction. The purpose of this study is to identify the trees, their organs used by forest edge users and the by-products of this ecosystem. Information was recorded in the two ways of conversation in the natives' place of residence and participatory observation, and through field surveys, herbarium samples of tree limbs were collected and identified with reliable sources. For each tree, the local name, organ, used, medicinal properties and how to use them were recorded. In this research, 10 species of trees that were used more by local people were selected. The words expressed in their language for the parts of trees are completely narrative and are named according to their use. They are aware of the vegetative form, places where trees grow, different properties and ways of using tree limbs and how to exploit forest by-products and they use it in their lives.
Abuali vedadhir; mosareza gharbi; Manijeh Maghsodi; Nasrin Omidvar
Abstract
Anthropology is a discipline that its aim is to understand human and its place in the natural order of things. On the one hand, Anthropology examines affairs that are simple and normal and on the other hand, it examines ambiguous Affairs. According to this, current article is in nutritional anthropology ...
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Anthropology is a discipline that its aim is to understand human and its place in the natural order of things. On the one hand, Anthropology examines affairs that are simple and normal and on the other hand, it examines ambiguous Affairs. According to this, current article is in nutritional anthropology by an ethnographic approach and inspired by the vision of cultural ecology and it examines patterns and ways of nutritional consumption of Koma and cultural belief relate to it in a region in south of Sabzevar. Results of this examination indicate that there is a considerable importance for this pasturage plant in context of animal husbandry communities of the studied region. Due to the importance and function of the plant in the life cycle of region, a certain cultural formations and image of this plant is formed in the studied society. The cultural image has been tried to protect this plant with unholy construction mechanism. In fact, because of the importance of the Koma in the environmental and economic level of the animal husbandry context of the region, from cultural level, a kind of cultural interaction and a kind of preservation culture is created. This kind of protection culture would affect the thought and action of regional actors in the field and their relation with the plant.
Negar Shirazi; Reza Sehhat Manesh
Abstract
Vegetable containers were produced as a hand-made, hand-crafted, and decorative art based on the needs of human societies. In the contemporary era, under the influence of industrial life and the transition from a migrant society to an industrial society, industrial containers replaced artistic ...
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Vegetable containers were produced as a hand-made, hand-crafted, and decorative art based on the needs of human societies. In the contemporary era, under the influence of industrial life and the transition from a migrant society to an industrial society, industrial containers replaced artistic and applied arts. In areas such as the immigrant societies in Khorasan and in the Bar area in particular, the production of traditional dishes and the use of its herb paste to store native secondary products is limited and the way of making it is not forgotten. In the present research, the process of production of such containers has been investigated within the context of the migration system of the societies and with a descriptive-analytical approach. The most important finding of the study is that this mode of production is due to the lifestyle and traditions of the community and its mode of production based on the system of division of family labor and represents a kind of mechanical order among these societies.
Masoumeh Yousefi; seyed ali asghar mirfatah; farzad mafi
Abstract
The making of ornaments is one of the industries that has always been considered in ancient Iran. Among the outstanding works in this field are the golden collars belonging to the Sassanid and Parthian periods of the Reza Abbasi Museum. These golden collars have special structural features and decorative ...
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The making of ornaments is one of the industries that has always been considered in ancient Iran. Among the outstanding works in this field are the golden collars belonging to the Sassanid and Parthian periods of the Reza Abbasi Museum. These golden collars have special structural features and decorative methods that by studying them, in addition to showing the historical course of making the collar, their special decorations will also be introduced.The main focus of this research is the structural form of the two samples studied and the decorations of each work. Accordingly, first the structural and decorative features of each work have been studied separately, then the collars have been studied comparatively.The results of this study introduce the techniques used in these works and also show the commonalities and differences in the collar making of these two periods, so that it can be said that these two collars have many similarities in terms of structure and decoration method. It shows the continued use of popular artistic traditions for several centuries.
mansooreh razavi
Abstract
We can take into account the plants as a one of the most crucial Elements in ecosystem cycle; the cycle that its goal is to provide an environmental situation for existence. Plants during the primitive life of the people had an important role in livelihood. They have been food, dress, Fuel, accommodation, ...
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We can take into account the plants as a one of the most crucial Elements in ecosystem cycle; the cycle that its goal is to provide an environmental situation for existence. Plants during the primitive life of the people had an important role in livelihood. They have been food, dress, Fuel, accommodation, healer of disease and ornamentation of the People. Plants have not only an important role in ease of people, but also take into account as an important nutrition source of other animates. This study tries to identify wild plants (Self-propelled plant, small tree, grassy) in Izeh Province and investigate their role in the local people’s life. In fact the researcher living in specific places in different periods explores the function of these plants among people. Methodologically, this research is based on the prevalent ways of Anthropology Studies. The use of written sources for collection of Catechism. Also interview and observatory participation were done. The result of the study can be effective in beneficial usage of mentioned plants in present industries. Besides, it can introduce different unknown plants species and gain the attention of expert researcher in this field which may lead to make decisions on maintaining, using and Proliferation of these species.
kazem mollazadeh
Abstract
In 1936 AD, during excavation of a Parthian site in central Mesopotamia, a device was discovered consisting of a small clay pot with 14 cm height, in which a copper cylinder with an iron rod had been placed. Comparable samples of the device were later discovered in other sites (such as Ctesiphon, ...
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In 1936 AD, during excavation of a Parthian site in central Mesopotamia, a device was discovered consisting of a small clay pot with 14 cm height, in which a copper cylinder with an iron rod had been placed. Comparable samples of the device were later discovered in other sites (such as Ctesiphon, capital of Iran during the Parthian and Sassanid period). Considering the features of the device, it was correctly identified as an electric cell at the outset, and some hypotheses were raised about its application including electroplating, magical and medical use. Due to scientific and technical complexity of the electroplating process and also lack of necessary efficiency of the Parthian cell in electroplating, the first hypothesis is less accepted today. Based on scientific and technical support of this finding, it cannot be accepted that the Parthian cell has had a magical use. Therefore, since historical evidence shows that in this historic period, electric fish had been used to relieve pain and also considering the modern medicinal experience in use of weak electrical currents to relieve pain and cure a number of diseases, the most likely hypothesis seems to be associated with medicine. In the Parthian period, Mesopotamia was one of the most important centers of the East-West relationship. In such an environment, medical technicians and physicians have made such a tool using their experience and the knowledge imparted to this region from China and Rome.
Indigenous Knowledge
Mahshid Radaei; Parisa Hashempour; Farhad Ahmadnejad; Hamed Beyti
Abstract
Iranian historical buildings are manifestations of the worldview and cultural-social-ecological structure, which is based on indigenous concepts, principles, and values, and strives to meet the temporal and spatial needs of its users. The historical distance of contemporary times from the progress of ...
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Iranian historical buildings are manifestations of the worldview and cultural-social-ecological structure, which is based on indigenous concepts, principles, and values, and strives to meet the temporal and spatial needs of its users. The historical distance of contemporary times from the progress of the achievements of architectural predecessors and sometimes superficial imitation of the past form and appearance of architecture has faced many contemporary architects with the concern of the formation of architectural work with identity. The question of the research is, what has changed the physical-spatial characteristics of residential buildings from the point of view of the realization of indigenous values over time? The current research is a descriptive-analytical study to explain the place of indigenous values in Iranian architecture, which examines the physical-spatial changes of residential buildings from the perspective of the realization of indigenous values over time. The comparison of case studies was done based on the four criteria. The results emphasize the fact that by recognizing the indigenous values of historical houses and analyzing the physical-spatial changes of residential buildings from the point of view of indigenous values over time, the residential buildings of the present time can be shaped in sync with the indigenous values.
mina shirany; Asghar Izadijeiran
Abstract
the paper deals with studying production process of “Kalpouregan” pottery as an art through anthropological approach to answer the following questions: 1) What is production method of these types of earthenware?2) What are prevalent information and terminologies used in their production? ...
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the paper deals with studying production process of “Kalpouregan” pottery as an art through anthropological approach to answer the following questions: 1) What is production method of these types of earthenware?2) What are prevalent information and terminologies used in their production? “Kalpouregan” is the villages in Sistan and Baluchestan Province that is well-known for its earthenware and their traditional production method being continuously maintained. Pottery performed by hand and local tools is performed just by women . it is based on their mental pattern making. Women have learned the pottery as a profession from their ancestors and this local knowledge of pottery has been maintained and transferred from one generation to the next, as a local culture. Local names selected for patterns used are considered as a part of Baluchi cultural identity and occupational dignity created by the art. through a completely local method. This field study has been performed through an approach towards anthropology; and, data have been collected through interviewing key informed persons as well as those women making pottery; photography and film taking. The outcome presents an appropriate image of Kalpouregan Pottery as a tradition; processing method of raw material; and, stages of construction and production.
Azadeh pashootanizadeh
Abstract
Zoroastrians of Iran are considered the oldest natives of Iran. After the Arab attack on Iran, they lived in Khorasan for some time and then went to Yazd and Kerman. But some of them moved to India. Qajar period, which coincides with the birth of Zoroastrian-embroidery art (Zartoshti-duzi), Zoroastrians ...
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Zoroastrians of Iran are considered the oldest natives of Iran. After the Arab attack on Iran, they lived in Khorasan for some time and then went to Yazd and Kerman. But some of them moved to India. Qajar period, which coincides with the birth of Zoroastrian-embroidery art (Zartoshti-duzi), Zoroastrians from India, who were mostly cloth merchants, came to Iran and provided a lot of help to Iranian Zoroastrians. As some Indian merchants married Iranian Zoroastrian women and described to their wives about the peacock (a bird that is not native to Iran) and its beauty. Zoroastrian women's mental image of this bird caused various forms of peacocks in Zoroastrian embroidery art. The peacock was very important in the art of the Sasanian era and is reminiscent of the goddess Anahita in Zoroastrianism. Repetition of this pattern symbolically in the clothes of women Zoroastrian artists is a way of reviving their religious thoughts. In this article, an attempt has been made to study the art of Zoroastrian embroidery, which is a native art of Iran, in its birthplace, and to discuss the reasons for the appearance of the peacock motif in this art.
amirhosein chitsazian; tahereh vafaee
Abstract
Abstract Metalworking art is one of the native arts of Iran that traditional artists of this territory have been working on it in different types and usages since the ancient times. Ring making handicraft is amongst the fine arts in this arena which in spite of many ups and downs that left behind, has ...
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Abstract Metalworking art is one of the native arts of Iran that traditional artists of this territory have been working on it in different types and usages since the ancient times. Ring making handicraft is amongst the fine arts in this arena which in spite of many ups and downs that left behind, has remained alive and dynamic and covers a part of Iran artistic community. However, there is hardly any researches in this field; therefore, due to the research necessity on this art; The writers of this article strived to review this issue and therefore, they selected Qom province as one of the main centers of this art. The data of present developmental study with the aim of studying the construction methods and features of traditional rings of Qom province, was collected through field and documentary method. The results of this descriptive-analytical research in Statistical population of Qom ring makers indicate that the traditional ring making in Qom city has been customary in the past and also subsists continuously and Qom traditional ring productions like other traditional handicraft arts and unlike the mass production, are produced in a few numbers, single and proportional to the design and a stone selected for the ring.
Indigenous Knowledge
Milad Parniyani; Jamshid Ghashang
Abstract
The Qanats of Khorasan were the driving force of two important cultural indicators: knowledge and lifestyle. The knowledge of Qanat included sciences that were based on engineering and geology and were inherited from one generation to the next. On the other hand, around the Qanat, a culture was formed ...
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The Qanats of Khorasan were the driving force of two important cultural indicators: knowledge and lifestyle. The knowledge of Qanat included sciences that were based on engineering and geology and were inherited from one generation to the next. On the other hand, around the Qanat, a culture was formed that promoted adaptation to drought, contentment in water consumption, and the benefit of collective work, and it had become the lifestyle of Khorasan people. This culture was alive and dynamic until the beginning of the modern era, but with the entry into the modern era and the decline of the Qanatic civilization, the Qanats of Khorasan were destroyed and its surrounding culture was also destroyed. The present article is limited to the geography of Khorasan in order to deal with more details of the historical developments of the Qanat in one of Iran's Qanat-rich provinces and to obtain a better understanding of the overall issue of the Qanat. The main question is what is the history of Qanat in Khorasan and what kind of culture was it? According to the nature of the subject, descriptive and analytical methods will be used in the evaluation of historical and geographical data.
Asghar Asgari Khaneghah; Atiyeh Azarshab; Behrouz Roustakhiz
Abstract
The present paper studies the local and traditional food system of Baloch residents in Damen. The purpose of this study is to describe the food system of these people, determine and evaluate its constitutive elements and mechanisms existing in this traditional food system. The present study ...
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The present paper studies the local and traditional food system of Baloch residents in Damen. The purpose of this study is to describe the food system of these people, determine and evaluate its constitutive elements and mechanisms existing in this traditional food system. The present study has been carried out using the qualitative method of ethnography and in it the techniques such as interviews, observation and participatory observation have been used. Our study in this traditional system represents a significant impact on the natural environment of residents, as well as the involvement of cultural and social factors in shaping a native food system in this region. In fact, in this close relationship between food and natural, cultural, social and economic factors, a set of concepts is constantly produced and reproduced, which eventually led to the identification of local cuisine and village residents. In general, by examining the whole mentioned factors, some kind of food culture has become prominent among the people of the village, which has been the basis for identifying and distinguishing this people from other parts.
Atefe Ansari; Behnam Pedram; Mohammad Hassan Talebian
Abstract
The relationship between man and nature is realized with his presence in the natural environment. This unavoidable relationship has undergone many changes over time and has created cultures and, numerous works such as Agriculture and its infrastructure including dovecotes accordingly. This native architecture ...
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The relationship between man and nature is realized with his presence in the natural environment. This unavoidable relationship has undergone many changes over time and has created cultures and, numerous works such as Agriculture and its infrastructure including dovecotes accordingly. This native architecture is constructed in such a way that it doesn't hurt nature on the one hand and causes physical and meta-physical relationship between man and nature on the other hand; which gives a different definition to the life of Isfahan’s fields. Although this relationship has varied in the quality of life due to traditional agriculture change, but the remained structure of dovecotes, make it possible to return to field cycle. Therefore, this research has considered to meta-physical concepts of this architecture in relationship between man and nature, in addition to the physical aspects attended by previous researchers.Thereby, the main question is the quality of the relationship between man and nature in the Isfahan’s fields due to the presence of the dovecotes; which describes evolution of the relationship between man and nature by the passage of time and Iranian plateau through a descriptive-analytical method and further studies this relationship in the countryside fields of Isfahan. The results show that this relationship in Isfahan's fields is divided into four distinct periods in which dovecotes have a significant impact on the human interaction with nature. This native architecture indicates how the farmers of this region interact with the environment, which has led to a triangular relationship between humans, fields and dovecotes.
